aliases:
- ATD
- Antithyroid Drugs
Pharmacological Effects
The synthesis of thyroid hormones requires the participation of [[thyroid peroxidase TPO]]. By inhibiting TPO, thyroid hormone synthesis can be suppressed. See also [[thyroid hormones]].
Inhibits the organification of iodine and the coupling of thyroid tyrosine, reducing the synthesis of thyroid hormones.
No inhibitory effect on hormones already synthesized.
Classification
| Thioamides | Imidazoles | |
|---|---|---|
| Examples | [[Propylthiouracil PTU]], [[Methimazole]] | [[Methimazole MMI]], [[Carbimazole]] |
[[Thyouracil]]
Clinical Applications
Basic treatment of hyperthyroidism—[[Methimazole MMI]] preferred; for thyroid storm and hyperthyroidism during pregnancy, [[Propylthiouracil PTU]] is used (lower teratogenicity).
Surgery and 131I therapy are complementary.
Adverse Reactions
All can cross the placenta.
Granulocytopenia, drug rash, toxic liver disease.
A complete blood count (especially white blood cells) must be performed before starting treatment.