Kidney Function Tests—Uric Acid, Its Sources and Fate, and Uric Acid Lowering Treatments

Excessive Damage to Vascular Endothelium

Origin and Clearance

Source:

  • Nucleic acid metabolism (80%): When inflammation, chemotherapy, or tissue damage occurs, cell death increases, releasing more RNA and DNA, leading to increased urea
  • Food (20%)

Metabolism:

  • Digestive tract (30%)
  • Kidney (70%): 100% filtration, 90% reabsorption, 10% excretion. Once kidney function is impaired, a large amount of uric acid accumulates

Treatment

  • Febuxostat, Allopurinol — inhibit xanthine oxidase, thereby reducing uric acid production
  • Colchicine, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), Glucocorticoids — inhibit inflammation, thereby reducing nucleotide release caused by cell death
  • Benzbromarone, Probenecid — inhibit renal reabsorption

Others

Humans and apes lack uricase, making them prone to high uric acid levels. Other mammals do not, because uricase inhibits the conversion of fructose into triglycerides

Recruiting gout patients (Febuxostat sustained-release) 北京地区招募痛风患者